stuart



W; A. STUART BLAST FURNACE Original Filed Dec. 2'7. 1924 3 Sheets-Sheetl June 11, 1929.

INVENTOR W. A. STUART BLAST FURNACE Original Filed Dec. 27- 1924 3 Shuts-Sheet 2 imfi l.

June 11, 1929.-

, HHllIlllll Hlllllllllll lllllll] lllllllllll Ill llllllllllll HIHJIII lHHIllli I w HA 1 a INVENTOR W. A. STUART 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 ST FURNACE Original Filed Dec. 27. 1924 June 11, 1929.

to 1st Eur-550$? j to: the;

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impos j 10km sp rely nicqnsrsten Yale-f as sound" at Rena-z;

diameter is equal to this dimension, and divide this into an equal number of parts whereupon the width of the inner face of the key brick is obtained. In dividing, I take a number which will give me a brick of a dimension comparable tojthe standard furnace lining brick so that the blocks can be easily handled. The sides of the blocks are radial to the center of the'circle having the .basediameter. The blocks for each con centric row will have an inner end whose Width is equal to the outer dimension of the adjacent inner brick, ,the key'bricks in the outer-rows also having radial sidesf This one set of key blocks is suflicient as longas the structure is of the minimum diameter, but' obviously would not, in themcavity exceeds the base diameter.

selves, besuificient where'the diameter of the In the present invention, I take into consideration the fact that with each vincrease or decrease of oneinch in diameter, there is an increase I will be added'every time the diameter ink xthe same dimensionv as the Width. of the or decrease of 3.1416 lIlCllQS'lIl the circumference, the circumference being equal .to'the diameter timesPi. I

I, therefore, make straight sided filler blocks 6 to be used with the increase in diameterthe width .of which bears afldefinite ratio to Pi. Obviously the width of ;-the

straightblocks b could be Pi., butfor convenience and in order to .make the keyblocks and straight blocks of more uniform size and more nearly comparable to the size of present blocks, I, preferably make the blocks- 6 equal toiPi. plus asimple fraction thereof, preferably one and a half times Pi.

In using the blocks 6, one straight block creases one inch, provided the widthof the straight block were Pi., or a straight block will be added to' each row in each course- .withevery ncrease in diameter of 1111 111011 and a half inthe d ameter if the width of thestraight blocks: is one and a half times Pi. As i a specific illustration, 7 the normal smallest diameter in a blast furnace is twelve fe'et.

'twelve foot diameter into ninety-six parts, obtaining adimension ofafi'l for the Width I. divide a circle having a of the inner face of the key brick. This di: mension isone and a half times Pit I adopt straight blocks 6 so thatfor every increase in diameter of one and a halfwinches,there is added to the ninety-six key -blocks one straight block. a

In laying th thatseveral horizontal courses be laid in which there is the saine number .of blocks f-and in gradually decreasing thespacing between; ad acent blocks. .In circles ;of the diameters foundin-blast furnace work, the

variation of an inch and a half in diameter throughout. break joints with the adjacent inner row a distance equal to one-halfthewidth of the key blocks of theinner row. The key and blocks, is preferable that instead ofdecreasing or increasing the di-, ameter n steps of one and a-half inches,

can be very easily arranged for without any substantial variation inthe space be' tween adjacent blocks.

It will be apparent from the foregoing, that with eaclrincrease of one and a half inches of diameter there is added: one straight block, so'that when a diameter of fifteen feet, for instance, is reached, there will be added twenty-four straight blocks. Obviously all of these straight blocks could not be disposed? side by side, but theyinust be interposed between the key blocks to the best advantage.

f In. the laying of a lining, the work is, of

. blocks in the outer rows corresponds to the number in the inner 'row inasmuch as the key blocks in the outer rows preferably have an inner width equal to the outerwidth of the adjacent blocks in the next innerrow, 95

but with the straight blocks of uniform size The blocks in. each outer row straight blocks are distributed around the circle as evenly as possible. I I

Other courses. are laid on. the first.v In building a i vallgof increasing diameter, as in thelower part ofthe furnace, the'blocks in the courses arexspaced further apart until the diameter has been gradually expanded the necessary fixed increment when another k In build ng the v v portionof the wall of decreasing diameter,

straight block is added.

the reverse process is followed, the blocks of "the courses being more closely spaced until the diameter has 'decreasedthe given increment wliei ;a';stiaiglit blockfcan be re-, moved. In the laying of all courses ofthe same number of blocks, the blocks are so placed that the vertical transverse oiiits will be shifted with respect to the joints of'adjacent courses azdistance less thai half the Width of abloc'k, gaugingalways from the" same; edge of the blocks, A 'shift of about one-quarter a block is preferable.

This may be easily followed. in Figures 2 i-3 where lines 9 are half way between lines 10 and ll in a transverse direction and lines 12 are shifted a-qiiarter width with re spect to line's Band 14. In thisnianner, the vertical joints in each direction will breakthroughout the wall structure.

I The joints between rows also break, as shown byylines 15 in Figure 3, due to the stagger ng of ht ldck" e" at 1: 99

. i he are '1 v'jectedfrcm 't e #bbeks-tdwafd thejcenters of curvature 0 of thehlocks inbmces' b and b; Tll'leselines, it xvillbe, "noted; 1 are substantially tangent t0 hwhoe diameteb isteq uel tothe distance between the actual;chamcterwof the structure :shbwing the uniformity 3 .ifll which the structuiemay befldevelopech T lflHQITfELCGS of etantizflly the form of' e 1ge fiilSCUlnS'filS shown inadetail in: Figure 6; "may be cufve (are might, asdesired Fremthe forego'in v the lining'of the structiil'e maybensystel'tm nb lilccks e -y There 1b positioned with respect toene e11'othe131there-. 1 by l nelezi Substances:

" tili'ie'f act newere esth ate of furnace czi n the" eccureteljr efleul as; 1t" was heretofore e ,nl atter. of guesswo here of )ricks equired;

Thilel;

for e v 11s {but fictfm selfto tl iis pm 1c h theflscf consjtrhetieh, a

eccerdihgte his;

blame 10f fle -11 length inpthe i-esime mm 1 Neither do I: wieh (may 1 Staten-"t e Straight bricks" sides of straight a concentric circle 1e "whese diameter iethe :Wldth offa, block 6. It W111 3 150be l'wtfidln th1s wewhowthe centers 0 fall one 131F018;

and the diameter cf" the base ci ncle, thereby.

' I, claii'h'as my invention I 1. A circulau furnace wellieonstruction of onumform (hmneter'n'lade up ofblocks lald- I beepm'rentthe v 2,113: developed with] :1 minimm'n 1 number of sifzesof blocks and with aselir'ancethatallh t'tlcal joints-Will breek with thee oiad 10 e Between ce'ufsce here the v'e1ght of" the 811118171 111 pt e'ed 1 strum;

Q quifech so; that ,Lth e bricklayer n1 ey proceed I 3 rapidly; the ,byeffecting a considerable-ezivg j ingfin thelal'bcr costsi 'lhe blocks ai'ecle'selyp ""1 Hg f the strength bf the well a'ntl providihg a1 structure wherein .afg'reater, life esteem-ed by reeeen f'the fecjtthat themaxh h established tc pe etmtien,

' Another i n'lperte nt advantage resides inn axed Where'- $611911 eie1ste'figu1eth' app 'cxiinateiit11m, I

V E'break vertical.jeintsthel cf the inner-"and Ute rQr' We 0f a,, coui1se bfeof, a length" difi'el entfrom"that- 0f the H 1', blocks in thecorresponding ne'Weef hefnexteie n het wvee'n Lhe'ends}oftheblceks areflhmkeni he invention to:

byfxt ay of'illue tien, a; "a wht blockhgwl Y b 2m ineh and ah:

mm of diet Various other changes the 'SPIBIt v hleche, end" these key blocks are .1, lflaldeide by slde WifllOUb straight blocks to always ti u-n; a; circle, fiszwvill ereadllyunderstood from the foregolng dejscription. The term eset of key blocks, as hGIEHliflftQl used 1n the chums, therefore means just the exaet nul'nber of Wedge frus-l, @tume 0r segmental blocks" necessary for "t l'lrrl nigh cng'cle to whlch" the sldee-of the block v I redial, when "he blocks-farelaid 'side' by.

1side Withoutintervehing straight block,

in] herizontal courses, H each counse' lmVing; a,

'cle, said setflof key blocksbeing' capable "of plurality of ccncentrie rows of b10cks, each rew[containing acempleteset of key blocks having radial sides and whichhave suhstm tlialllytheform of wedgefrustums of a ci v thrnin'g a complete *circlewhelrleicl side by lsic'le', the'key h10c'keinthe respective rows jbemg-wedgefrnstums of coneentne cueles,

each row hose, diameter is gre te than the v I dimheterae'fthe clircleof wl'lich ite key blocks little fittingio f the blocks" re-g areflwedge frustums' haviihg'at least one strziight-Sidecl hlbcktherein, thGJlUlTlbGI' of key blocksjineach of the tows ofa emirse be l ng equal and the nun'lberoi st] blocks 1n each rowpof a cour's also bemg equalfth'e width of theiflnef endeefthe key light-sided v y j e blockswinl'each cchcentric row eutwardly hehlocke in t1 thefsa'me,eethe':outerfwidth of the, key v' 1e next adjacent inner 1'0W,"the U y 7 straight ..1ded, blocks" all having the sa J Widtl, ,tllehlocks of eachmow'h the, same 2..A:c11 1e11- furnace wallccnstruetienef,

' nonuni'felg-m diameter having blocks leidfijn horlzontal; ,ccurses, of a f plurahty of rows,

a circle and are capable of turning a complete 4 circle when laid slde by side, the key blocks I ;111 the respective roWs being Wedge frustunls v of concentric circles, each course Whose diameter is greater than the diameter oi the c rcle of which the keyblocks are Wedge frustums,

havin one. or more strai ht sided blocks "therein, the number ofkey blocks in the rows of each course being lntegral inultlples of each other andthe circumferential spaces filled: by the straight blocks in each row of a course being equal, the blocks in each row of a course being ofiset with respect to the i blocksof the adjacent row of the same course so as to breakjoint-s therewith, the blocks in a row of one course being offset laterally with respect to the blocks of the corresponding row of the next course so as to break vertical joints therewith, the blocks 01. each row of a course having their ends which are.

within the .Wall 'injan overlapping relation rows of the next adjacent courses'so that the vertical joints between the ends of the blocks are broken. a

In testlmon'y whereof I have hereunto'set myhand. V

' WALLACE A; STUART.

to the ends of the blocksin the corresponding 

